Animal Cell and Tissue Culture:-

A batch of cells or tissue,which can be of animal origin, that are grow under specific conditions of nutrient levels, temperature, PH, oxygen levels, osmotic factors, light pressure and water content.

Culture of cells are prepared in the laboratory for a wide spectrum of scientific research.

A culture medium provides appropriate condition for growth.

Culture may be batch culture, continuous culture, monolayer culture, organ culture, suspension culture and tissue culture.

Merits:-

1.There is a controlled environment and physiological condition.

2.There is a homogeneity of cell types.

3.The method cheaper compared to working with live animal.

4.We can avoid the issues of ethical, moral and legal related with experiments on animals.

Demerits:-

1.It requires expensive instruments and expert technicians.

2.It is 10 times more costly than animal tissues.

3.Numerical chromosomal aberrations are found in chromosome.

(A)Cell/tissue culture:-

require laboratory facility like working area, preparation area, storage area and instruments.

Various types of media are used.

They may be either natural media or synthetic media.

  Applications:-

  1.It can be useful in modern branches of biotechnology.

  2.It can be useful for the production of different types of vaccines and medicines.

  3.It can be useful for diagnosis of treatment of some disorders.

  4.It can be useful in steam cell research, etc.

(B)Organ Culture:-

It generally applied for culturing pieces an organ/part organ outside the body i.e., vitro.

Its objective is to maintain the architecture of the tissue and direct it towards normal development such like inside the body.

Organ culture may be employing a solid medium or liquid medium.

(C)Whole embryo culture:-

Here, culture of chick embryo or mammalian embryos can be employed.

(D)Tissue Engineering:-

Tissue engineering is related with the creation of synthetic or semi-synthetic tissue that can be used instead of human tissue in surgery.

Different kinds of tissue have been developed or under research work.

They may be skin, bone, cartilage, cornea and spinal tissue.

Artificial skin and cartilage are important tissues of such kind.